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Old 05-31-2006, 12:35 PM
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Background on ROK Republics

Here is a little synopsis of the ROK Republic's for anyone interested....

The U.S. Military Government ~ The First Republic

The U.S. Military governmental statute No. 155 was proclaimed by Joseon Military government minister in Feb. 2. 1946. It was the first statute, which is related to a political party. In addition, it has six clauses that are composed of registration of political party (an obligator, a place, items, and a date to register), management of a political party (office of political party, finance of party's fund), party members (incompetent, deadline of list of party members), civil /criminal liability, and addenda.
However, it is proclaimed not to approve the publicity of a political party with special legal right or power but to prevent the political groups with more than three members from protesting against the government.

The Second Republic

The political party clause was firstly prescribed in the Constitution in the second republic. Article 13 ¨è of the constitution prescribed that political parties shall be protected by the State under the condition as prescribed by law. It also stipulates that if the purposes or activities of a political party are contrary to the fundamental democratic order, with the present's approval, the Government may bring an action against it in the Constitutional Court for its dissolution, and the political party shall be dissolved in accordance with the decision of the Constitutional Court.

The Third Republic

The Constitution of the third republic declared the freedom of establishment of political parties under the principle of the plural party system in Article 7, ¨ç. And paragraph ¨è provides for the organization and activities of political parties. Paragraph ¨é stipulates state obligation to protect political parties and the system to dissolve an unconstitutional political party. The Constitution of the third republic has a strong tendency towards the politics based on political party by means of not permitting independent's candidacy.

The Fourth Republic

The fourth republic set out with the seventh revised Constitution that left existing clauses concerning political parties untouched and established the Constitutional Commission newly. This Constitution said that Election commissions should be established for the purpose of fair management of elections and national referenda, and for dealing with administrative affairs concerning political parties, so the Election commission became an independent institution with the competence to deal with the affairs concerning political parties. In addition, this constitution gave the National Election Commission competence to establish, within the limit of Acts and decrees, regulations concerning political parties.

The Fifth Republic

In 1980, accepting fundamental clauses concerning political parties in the Constitution of the third republic, the government proclaimed the Constitution of the fifth republic that allows political parties to receive operational funds from the state under the conditions as prescribed by law. This is the first introduction of government subsidy.

The Sixth Republic

On Oct. 10, 1987, the government proclaimed the constitution of the sixth republic, which included the long-time of national aspiration for direct election of the president under the philosophy of the third republic focusing on political parties. It also stipulated that if the purposes or activities of a political party are contrary to the fundamental democratic order, the political party shall be dissolved in accordance with the decision of the Constitutional Court.
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Old 06-01-2006, 02:57 AM
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Interesting!
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Old 06-01-2006, 06:49 AM
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According to local polls, the ROK public is in favor of adopting yet another constitution or making major modifications to the current one (which as seen above, is not how they usually do business, as they prefer to scrap the old and start anew) With the GNP landslide in the local elections, this could speed things along in that area.
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